Old Gang Smelt Mines, Swaledale

Old Gang Mines is one of the largest and best preserved lead-mining sites in the Yorkshire Dales and is recognised for its national importance. Located high above the village of Gunnerside, the site is part of the Swaledale and Arkengarthdale mining landscape, with views across the river, meadows and surrounding hills.

The site gives insight into the industrial history that shaped much of the upper dale from the 18th to the early 20th century. The remains sit within open moorland and can be explored freely on foot, often as part of circular walks from Gunnerside or Muker with links to Surrender Bridge and surrounding moorland.

History and Background

Lead mining in this part of Swaledale dates back to Roman times, but most of the structures visible today belong to the Old Gang Smelt Mill, built in the late 1700s and expanded during the 19th century.

The mill processed ore brought down from the surrounding hills, including Hard Level Gill and Friarfold. Lead was smelted here using coal brought into the dale by packhorse, and later by cart, along routes that are still visible in the landscape.

Mining and smelting at Old Gang continued until the late 1800s, with some activity into the early 20th century, before falling into decline as demand and profitability reduced.